NUTRA-BOND PLUS

1. If the existing roadbed is too hard to blade, scarify to the required depth. Normally this should be done dry for better traction.
   
2. Add one gallon of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS concentrate to the required amount of water needed to bring 165 cubic yards of material up to optimum moisture. The amount of water needed will depend 
   on how wet or dry your material is. A general starting rule for dry material is one gallon of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS to 1,000 gallons of water. With top loading water tanks, always fill the tank with water first, and then add the NUTRA-BOND-PLUS. Failure to do this will result in a tank full of foam.
   
3. Spray the NUTRA-BOND-PLUS water solution over the road surface and start the blade mixing. Continue adding NUTRA-BOND-PLUS and water while mixing until the required amount of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS is distributed evenly throughout the material. During this time you should learn if the NUTRA-BOND-PLUS to water ratio should be changed. 15 gallons of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS will treat one mile 25 feet wide to a depth of 6 inches. If you misjudged the water and get the material too wet, blade to dry. If the material is too dry, add plain water. After thoroughly mixing, leave the soil material in a windrow overnight to promote total moisture absorption. We recommend this whenever possible for better compaction results with less effort.
   
4. If the road base is too dry the next morning, or after the material is thoroughly mixed and ready to lay, spray the surface with a NUTRA-BOND-PLUS water mixture of one gallon to 10,000 gallons water (approximately one pint to 1,200 gallons water) before you pull it out of the windrow. Always start to lay the material on a damp floor. Pull the material out and lay in 2 or 3 inch lifts. Start compaction immediately. In sub-base fill or pond areas, a sheepsfoot works fine; but usually a steel or pneumatic roller works best for finished roads. Continue compaction while you shape and dress the surface with a blade. Be sure to crown the surface to promote water drainage.

Even while laying and compacting, if your material dries too fast on a hot day, a light mist of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS treated water (1:10,000 gallons) can be applied. Continue to compact until the desired density is reached. Vibratory rollers may be used, but turn the vibrator off when finishing so that no fracturing occurs. The road is now ready for use. If you foresee heavy, high-speed traffic, involving spinning or skidding wheels, you might consider closing the road until the material has had a chance to cure for 2 or 3 days. Normal traffic will not harm it.

5. If an asphalt or other permanent-wearing surface is to be added, a better bond can be obtained by moistening the surface with a spray of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS and water solution (1:10,000 gallons). This permanent surface can be applied at any time after a 3-to-5-day curing period under good weather conditions.

HAUL ROAD STABILIZATION

Minehaul roads are often constructed with native site soils containing a wide gradation of materials. Often there is a high content of fines (200 minus mesh) which in the past have caused stabilization problems. NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  assists in binding fines together with larger material into a dense well-compacted material having a high degree of stabilization and higher tensile strength than non-treated roads. Also, roads treated with NUTRA-BOND-PLUS will resist water penetration. Benefits include reduced maintenance and increased utilization of existing site materials.

Nutra-Bond provides:

• efficient use of water due to easier penetration into the soil--base material
• achievement of greater density after compaction
• increase in tensile strength
• unconfined compressive strength
• less dusting than non-treated roads

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ROAD CONSTRUCTION

One gallon of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  will treat 165 cubic yards of road base material. It is added to the water truck and sprayed onto the material prior to compaction. Depending upon the specific type of soil, Nutra-Bond is diluted into approximately 4,000 gallons of water (the amount of water required to obtain optimum moisture for compaction of 165 cu yd of material).

The water to Nutra-Bond ratio will vary. Depending upon site conditions and existing moisture in the base material.

Construction of the road should be done in lifts not greater than 6" – depending upon the type of compaction equipment to be used. It is recommended that 3" (8 cm) lifts be used, thereby insuring proper compaction. Attention should be given to moisture content and blending for maximum distribution of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  throughout the road material.

NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  is used for some dust control applications. It is applied at a dilution rate of 1 gallon NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  to 10,000 gallons of water. This has been very effective in reducing dust and decreasing the total amount of water required for dust control.

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ASPHALT COVER OVER NUTRA-BOND

Either Emulsion (CRS) or MC asphalt can be used. "Emulsion" asphalt is cut back or diluted with water and is shot at a temperature of around 106º F (70º C). "MC" asphalt is cut back with diesel fuel or other petroleum product and is shot at temperatures of 225º F (107º C). The advantage of one type over the other is debatable, but generally speaking, MC asphalt will penetrate dirty gravel better than Emulsion asphalt. However, MC asphalt has a tendency to bleed off more if the balance of oil to gravel is not correct. When using MC asphalt, the first coat is thinner (usually MC 800), and the second coat is heavier (MC 3000).

When applying Emulsion asphalt, use the same CSR-2 weight for both layers. There are also available variations of CRS-2, some quick-dry; some rubberized, some hard. Check with your supplier to see what is available in your area. Also, when using Emulsion asphalt, you need approximately 29% more material to obtain the same asphalt thickness, to offset drying where water evaporation reduces the overall weight.

The NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  road surface should be prepared at least three (3) or more days prior to applying the asphalt. The surface should be smooth, hard and dry. Dress any imperfections before applying the asphalt, as they will extend up through the finished surface. A smooth base is essential.

Prior to applying ("shooting") the first layer of oil, dampen the surface with a mist of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS  treated water, diluted 1 gallon of NUTRA-BOND-PLUS to 10,000 gallons of water. This mist will help the oil bond to the road surface.

After this dries or loses its sheen, apply the oil at a rate of approximately 0.4 to 0.5 gallons of oil per square yard of surface.

Then immediately apply a 3 to 4-inch layer of –3/4 clean gravel and compact with the compactor.

After the first layer of oil and gravel has been rolled down, pull a non-rotating drag broom over the surface to smooth out any roughness cause by the chip spreader, truck or roller. This will insure a smooth surface for the second layer.

Lay down the second layer of .35 to .40 gallon oil/sq. yd and ½ inch of ½" to 3/8" chips and compact. The gravel chips must be fractured rock to stay in place. Pea gravel cannot be used.

If you have the proper amount of oil, gravel and chips, the oil should penetrate both layers and bond together. Too much oil will cause bleeding; too little oil will not allow proper bonding.

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EQUIPMENT NECESSARY FOR ROAD APPLICATION

1. Autograder
2. Vibratory Roller (medium to large size, 10-12 ton+)
3. Pneumatic Tire Roller (optional)
4. Water Truck (have backup truck if possible)
5. 2 Dump Trucks for hauling aggregates
6. Site Surveying and Staking Equipment

1. Water Truck
2. Automatic Broom Sweeper (or men with rakes, brooms, etc.)
3. Dump Trucks for spreading aggregates chips. (Have gates fitted with a spacer bar to allow aggregates to spill out slowly as truck back up over oiled area.)
4. Hot Bitumen Oil Spreader Truck
5. Vibratory Roller (medium to large size10-12 ton+)
6. Pneumatic Tire Roller (optional)
7. Automatic Chip Spreader (if available)

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